Wanted poster
 | The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. (April 2024) |
A wanted poster (or wanted sign) is a poster distributed to let the public know of a person whom authorities wish to apprehend. They generally include a picture of the person, either a photograph when one is available or of a facial composite image produced by police.
Description
[edit]Wanted posters typically include an image or description of a fugitive or alleged criminal and a description of the crime for which they are sought. There is typically a set monetary reward offered to whoever catches the wanted criminal that is advertised on the poster. Wanted posters are typically produced to be displayed in public locations such as post offices, district offices, and other venues. Modern wanted posters are also typically published on the Internet.[1] In popular culture, wanted posters are often associated with the American frontier and the wood type that was used on posters of the time.[2] Wanted posters have historically been printed without color, with the FBI not using color photographs in their printed posters until 2009.[3]
Electronic billboards
[edit]In 2007, the FBI began posting wanted posters on electronic billboards starting with 23 cities, and have been working to expand this system in other states.[4] This allows them to instantly post a wanted notice in public view across the US. In 2014, the FBI claimed that at least 53 cases had been solved as a direct result of digital billboard publicity, and many others had been solved through the Bureau's overall publicity efforts that included the billboards. In 2014, the FBI claimed to have access to over 5,200 billboards across the United States.[5][1]
Bounty
[edit]
Wanted posters for particularly notorious fugitives frequently offer a bounty for the capture of the person, or for a person who can provide information leading to such capture. Bounties provided an incentive for citizens to aid law enforcement, either by providing information, or by catching the criminal themselves. More modern wanted posters may also include images of the fugitive's fingerprints. People who, as a profession, chase wanted individuals with the intent to collect their bounties are referred to as bounty hunters.[1]
Historically, some wanted posters offering a reward contained the phrase "dead or alive". Thus, one would get a reward for either bringing the person or their corpse to the authorities. This could indicate that the person was an outlaw, and that it was permissible to kill them. Alternatively, the phrase might mean that it was permissible to kill them if they resisted arrest.[1] While most issuers of wanted posters instead preferred the target to be taken alive in order to stand trial, some private organizations were willing to go to these extreme measures to protect their interests.[6]
In the media
[edit]Wanted posters have been used by media sources to cast prominent figures as wild west criminals. Popular examples of this include the September 4 1939 edition of the British newspaper the Daily Mirror, which cast Adolf Hitler as a "reckless criminal" "wanted dead or alive".[7] This idea was also used by The New York Post in their global search for Osama bin Laden in 2001, shortly after President George W. Bush made the reference, "And there's an old poster out West, that I recall, that said, 'Wanted: Dead or Alive'."[8]
See also
[edit]- All-points bulletin
- America's Most Wanted
- Clarendon (typeface)
- Most wanted list
- Mug shot publishing industry
- Pittura infamante
- Rewards for Justice Program
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Ferranti, Seth (2016-12-14). "The History of the Most Wanted Poster". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2018-08-20.
- ^ Dennis Ichiyama. "2004 Friends of St Bride conference proceedings: How wood type tamed the west". Stbride.org. Archived from the original on 2013-11-11. Retrieved 2013-11-11.
- ^ Schiller, Dan (2 March 2015). "The evolution of the wanted poster". sfgate.com.
- ^ "Opening a Clear Channel The FBI on Digital Billboards". Federal Bureau of Investigation.
- ^ "Catching Fugitives in the Information Age". Federal Bureau of Investigation, 24 Dec. 2014. Web. 25 Mar. 2015.
- ^ Trimble, Marshall (April 2006). "I read somewhere that no legal agency ever put out wanted posters that stated, 'Dead or Alive.' What's the truth?". True West. Archived from the original on 2017-03-06. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
- ^ "Wanted Poster for Hitler". The British Library.
- ^ "Wanted by the FBI: Usama Bin Laden". Federal Bureau of Investigation. Archived from the original on 2011-02-23.
External links
[edit]
- Wanted Posters Collection. Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.